The contribution reflects on the relationship between transport infrastructures and cohesion policies, examining more specifically the case of motorways, which are established as an undoubted vector for the implementation of these policies. The paper dwells on the phases of motorway entrusting and management, highlighting some of the critical points of the system and outlining evolutionary trajectories in order to overcome some of the dysfunctions present today. The need to intervene in the sector seems even stronger if we consider the physiological and necessary link between cohesion policies and land transport infrastructures.